Table 4.

Predictors of serum digoxin concentration ≥1.0 ng/ml among patients receiving digoxin (N=1687)

	Unadjusted odds ratio	P value	Adjusted odds ratio	P value
Age, years	1.02 (1.01 – 1.03)	<0.0001	1.02 (1.01 – 1.03)	0.002
Female sex	1.34 (1.07 – 1.67)	0.011	2.21 (1.70 – 2.88)	<0.0001
Nonwhite race	0.94 (0.70 – 1.27)	0.699	0.84 (0.61 – 1.16)	0.286
Body mass index	0.99 (0.97 – 1.01)	0.149	0.95 (0.93 – 0.98)	<0.0001
Serum creatinine	3.45 (2.59 – 4.60)	<0.0001	5.98 (4.21 – 8.50)	<0.0001
Use of diuretic	1.84 (1.44 – 2.34)	<0.0001	1.56 (1.21 – 2.02)	0.001
Pulmonary congestion by chest x-ray	1.79 (1.36 – 2.34)	0.001	1.66 (1.25 – 2.22)	0.001
Digoxin 0.25 mg/ day	1.09 (0.88 – 1.36)	0.431	3.17 (2.25 – 4.47)	<0.0001
Digoxin >0.25 mg/ day	1.12 (0.83 – 1.52)	0.473	8.70 (5.04 – 15.00)	<0.0001

^*Adjusted for the same covariates as in Table 2