Table 2.

Effects of continuation of digoxin at low and high serum digoxin concentrations (SDC)

		Events / total follow-up years (Rate per 10,000 person-years of follow up)	Crude hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)	P value	Adjustd* hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)	P value
All-cause mortality	Digoxin discontinued, on placebo (N=1674)	636 / 4823 (1319)	1	Reference	1	Reference
	Digoxin continued at SDC 0.5–0.9 (N=457)	148 / 1530 (967)	0.73 (0.61 – 0.87)	0.001	0.75 (0.63 – 0.90)	0.002
	Digoxin continued at SDC ≥1.0 (N=340)	153 / 994 (1539)	1.17 (0.98 – 1.39)	0.088	1.03 (0.86 – 1.12)	0.580
All-cause hospitalization	Digoxin discontinued, on placebo (N=1674)	1167 / 2653 (4399)	1	Reference	1	Reference
	Digoxin continued at SDC 0.5–0.9 (N=457)	302 / 918 (3290)	0.79 (0.70 – 0.90)	<0.0001	0.80 (0.70 – 0.91)	0.001
	Digoxin continued at SDC ≥1.0 (N=340)	236 / 572 (4126)	0.95 (0.83 – 1.10)	0.504	0.94 (0.88 – 1.01)	0.102
HF hospitalization	Digoxin discontinued, on placebo (N=1674)	665 / 3730 (1783)	1	Reference	1	Reference
	Digoxin continued at SDC 0.5–0.9 (N=457)	133 / 1321 (1007)	0.61 (0.50 – 0.73)	<0.0001	0.60 (0.50 – 0.73)	<0.0001
	Digoxin continued at SDC ≥1.0 (N=340)	114 / 850 (1341)	0.78 (0.64 – 0.95)	0.014	0.83 (0.76 – 0.92)	<0.0001

^*Adjusted for age, sex, race, body mass index, duration of heart failure, etiology of heart failure, prior myocardial infarction, current angina, hypertension, diabetes, use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, diuretics, potassium supplement, and combination of hydralazine and nitrates, current dyspnea at rest and dyspnea on exertion, activity limitation, NYHA functional class, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, elevated jugular venous pressure, third heart sound, pulmonary râles, and lower extremity edema, serum potassium and creatinine, pulmonary congestion and cardiothoracic ratio >0.5 by chest x-ray, and ejection fraction.