Fig. 1.

Growth forms of Manihot aff. quinquepartita: (A) young self-supporting individual over 1 m high in gap conditions of disturbed secondary forest; (B) young individuals leaning against branches of neighbouring vegetation; at this stage of development stems are relatively loosely ‘attached’ to the supports via petiole bases; (C) young climbing individuals over 6 m long, well into the climbing phase of development and anchored in the branches of the host trees; (D) self-supporting treelet, 3 m in height, in open gap conditions of disturbed secondary forest; (E) evidence of thigmo-response of leaf petioles; note the angle of the petiole to the upper left of the stem compared with the reflexed orientation of the two petioles interacting with the narrow branch; (F) mature climbing liana producing pendulous axes bearing immature fruits (April 2006) in openings between adjacent plant hosts – fruiting specimens were only observed on mature climbing individuals.