Effects of DOX with or without PSs on myocardial function in vivo. A: effect of PSs on the DOX-induced depression of left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), maximal slope of the systolic pressure increment (+dP/dt), ejection fraction, stroke work (SW), and cardiac output in mice. B: effects of PSs on the DOX-induced depression of load-independent indexes of cardiac contractility [dP/dt-end-diastolic volume (EDV) relation, preload-recruitable SW (PRSW), and maximal elastance (Emax)]. Hemodynamic parameters were measured 5 days after DOX administration. Results are means ± SE of 6–12 experiments in each group. *P < 0.05 vs. vehicle; #P < 0.05 vs. DOX.