Table 2.

Bioreactor scale cultivation of archaea: continuous and high cell density fermentation. Abbreviation: T_opt = optimal growth temperature.

Microorganism	Topt (°C)	Cultivation mode	Reference
Metallosphera sedula	74	Continuous	Rinker et al. 1999
Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum	65	Continuous growth-limiting factor H2	Schills et al. 1996
Methanococcus jannaschii	85	Medium optimization CSTR	Mukhopadhyay et al. 1999
Methanococcus jannaschii	80–85	Continuous	Tsao et al. 1994
Pyrococcus abyssi ST549	95	Continuous	Godfroy et al. 2000
Pyrococcus furiosus	90	Dialysis	Krahe et al. 1996
Pyrococcus furiosus	90	Continuous	Raven et al. 1992
Pyrococcus furiosus	90	Batch on starch-based medium	Raven and Sharp 1997
Pyrococcus furiosus	98	Continuous	Rinker et al. 1999
Sulfolobus shibatae	75	Dialysis	Krahe et al. 1996
Sulfolobus solfataricus Gθ	75	Microfiltration	Schiraldi et al. 1999
Sulfolobus solfataricus MT4	87	Batch on whey-based medium	Romano et al. 1992
Thermococcusbarosii	82.5		Duffaud et al. 1998
Thermococcus litoralis	85–88	Batch and continuous	Rinker and Kelly 2000