Table 4.
Multivariable-adjusteda ORs and changes (95% CI) per 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5.
| ECG parameter | Lag0–2 (95% CI) | Lag3–5 (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Minnesota Codes (OR) | ||
| MC 4b | 1.04 (0.97 to 1.10) | 1.04 (0.98 to 1.11) |
| MC 5c | 1.05 (1.00 to 1.09) | 1.04 (1.00 to 1.08) |
| MC 4 or MC 5d | 1.04 (1.00 to 1.09) | 1.03 (0.99 to 1.07) |
| ST-segment amplitude (μV, change) | ||
| Lead I | −0.07 (−0.36 to 0.21) | 0.18 (−0.10 to 0.46) |
| Lead II | −0.12 (−0.47 to 0.23) | 0.16 (−0.18 to 0.50) |
| Lead aVL | −0.01 (−0.25 to 0.23) | 0.11 (−0.12 to 0.34) |
| Lead V1 | −0.02 (−0.39 to 0.35) | −0.22 (−0.58 to 0.14) |
| Lead V2 | 0.07 (−0.57 to 0.70) | −0.01 (−0.61 to 0.62) |
| Lead V3 | −0.11 (−0.68 to 0.47) | −0.02 (−0.58 to 0.54) |
| Lead V4 | −0.03 (−0.51 to 0.45) | 0.24 (−0.23 to 0.71) |
| Lead V5 | −0.01 (−0.41 to 0.39) | 0.35 (−0.04 to 0.74) |
| Lead V6 | 0.02 (−0.30 to 0.33) | 0.35 ( 0.04 to 0.65) |
| T-wave amplitude (μV, change) | ||
| Lead I | −1.60 (−3.07 to −0.13) | −0.31 (−1.73 to 1.11) |
| Lead II | −0.54 (−1.99 to 0.92) | 0.71 (−0.70 to 2.13) |
| Lead aVL | −1.21 (−2.50 to 0.10) | −0.55 (−1.81 to 0.71) |
| Lead V1 | 1.45 (−0.16 to 3.06) | 0.03 (−1.53 to 1.59) |
| Lead V2 | −0.18 (−2.96 to 2.60) | 0.57 (−2.12 to 3.27) |
| Lead V3 | −2.33 (−5.15 to 0.49) | −0.13 (−2.87 to 2.60) |
| Lead V4 | −2.03 (−4.69 to 0.63) | 0.64 (−1.94 to 3.22) |
| Lead V5 | −1.92 (−4.22 to 0.38) | 0.55 (−1.69 to 2.78) |
| Lead V6 | −0.63 (−2.36 to 1.10) | 0.82 (−0.86 to 2.49) |
| QRS/T angles and heart rate (change) | ||
| QRS/T angle–spatial (°) | 0.19 (−0.21 to 0.59) | −0.20 (−0.59 to 0.19) |
| QRS/T angle–frontal plane (°) | 0.13 (−0.24 to 0.50) | 0.35 (−0.01 to 0.71) |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 0.16 ( 0.02 to 0.30) | 0.04 (−0.10 to 0.18) |
a
Estimates based on logistic and linear regression models adjusted for demographic, clinical, and weather variables: age; race/ethnicity; education; exam site; BMI; current smoking status; history of CHD, diabetes, hypertension, SBP, chronic lung disease, or hypercholesterolemia; day of week; time of day; temperature; dew point; pressure and season;
b
Any ST abnormality (MC 4.1–4.4).
c
Any T abnormality (MC 5.1–5.4).
d
Any ST–T abnormality (MC 4.1–4.4 or MC 5.1–5.4).