TABLE 1.

Animal Models of Infantile Spasms

Model	How Model Is Created	Selected References
CRH/stress	CRH i.p.	10,12,13,16
Betamethasone/NMDA	Betamethasone i.p. to dam on G15, followed by NMDA i.p. to offspring on P15	18,19,21
TTX	TTX i.c. infusion by osmotic pump for 28 days, beginning on P10	28
Multiple-hit	Doxorubicin i.c.v. and lipopolysaccharide i.c. on P3, followed by p-chlorophenylalanine i.p. on P5	31; A. Galanopoulou, MD, PhD, personal communication (December 2008)
ARX knockout	Targeted deletion of ARX gene from cortical interneurons	41; E. Marsh, MD, PhD, and A. Brooks-Kayal, MD, personal communication (January 2009)
Down syndrome	GABAB receptor agonists i.p. to Ts65Dn mice	45,46

CRH, corticotropin-releasing hormone; i.p., intraperitoneal; G, gestational day; P, postnatal day; i.c., intracerebrally; i.c.v., intracerebroventricularly; ARX, Aristaless-related homeobox.