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. 2009 Apr 22;276(1667):2643–2650. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2009.0380

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Three modes of deformation of a helical structure. A ring is shown for clarity, but the same is true for any helix. (a) Relaxed state. (b) The stem can be bent, (c) stretched, or (d) twisted to squeeze the support. Deformations are exaggerated for illustration.