Prophylactic and therapeutic effects of siRNAs in A549 cells. (A) siRNAs maintain viral inhibition over an extended period. A549 cells were infected with VACV-WR (MOI, 0.1) 24, 48, or 72 h after transfection with 100 nM of siB1R-2 or siG7L-1, and samples were harvested at 24 h postinfection. Error bars represent the SD of the means of quadruplicates for at least two independent experiments. *, P < 0.05 (siRNAs differ significantly from the siNT control) (Student's t test). (B) Therapeutic effects of siB1R-2 and siG7L-1. Cells were infected with VACV-WR (MOI = 0.0001) and transfected with 100 nM of siB1R-2, siG7L-1, or siNT at 1, 8, or 24 h postinfection. Samples were harvested at 48 h postinfection, and viral titers were determined in cell culture. Error bars represent the SD of the means of quadruplicates for at least two independent experiments. *, P < 0.05 (siRNAs differ significantly from the siNT control) (Student's t test). There was no significant difference between siNT-transfected infected cells and nontransfected infected cells.