Fig. 5.

Differential mode of death induced by [6]-Gingerol in pancreatic cancer cells expressing wt versus mutant p53. Cells were treated with 400 µM of [6]-gingerol for 24, 28 and 72 hrs. Annexin-V and PI staining revealed increasing percentage of Annexin-positive and PI-positive cells with increasing time of [6]-gingerol in BxPC-3 cells. On the other hand, [6]-gingerol treatment on HPAC cells showed no changes in cell viability under the identical culture condition. The X and Y axis represents annexin V-FITC and Propidium Iodide (PI) fluorescence respectively. Population in lower-left part (Annexin V-FITC and PI negative) is viable, and lower-right part (Annexin V-FITC positive and PI negative) is undergoing apoptosis. Cells observed in Annexin V-FITC and PI positive (upper-right and upper-left parts) indicates either late stage of apoptosis or dead cells. The percentage of each part is calculated in the bottom table. The figure is representative of three independent experiments.