TABLE 2. Comparison of Smokers and Nonsmokers on Motivation, Self-Efficacy, and Outcome Expectations.

Variable	Current smoker		Nonsmoker		d	p	Adj p
	M	SD	M	SD
Motivation
Fruit	6.9	2.4	7.7	2.2	0.34	<.001	<.001
Vegetables	7.4	2.2	7.6	2.2	0.18	.007	.041
Intrinsic	5.9	0.9	6.1	0.9	0.27	<.001	<.001
Extrinsic	2.4	1.6	2.6	1.6	0.08	.155	.127
Self-efficacy
Fruit	6.9	2.4	7.6	2.2	0.30	<.001	<.001
Vegetables	7.2	2.2	7.5	2.1	0.13	.053	.191
Expectation
Reduce cancer risk	3.7	1.0	3.8	1.0	0.04	.537	.646
Reduce heart disease risk	3.9	0.9	3.9	0.9	0.09	.185	.185
Reduce diabetes risk	3.8	1.0	3.9	0.9	0.13	.042	.026
Reduce obesity risk	3.9	1.0	4.1	0.9	0.13	.083	.056

Note. Unadjusted mean values are presented with significance indicated for unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Effect size estimates (d) are based on unadjusted analyses. Adjusted analyses are controlled for site, marital status, race, education, age, BMI, vegetarian diet, low cholesterol diet, low salt diet, low carbohydrate diet, and responsibility for meal planning.