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. 2009 Jun 12;5(6):e1000473. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000473

Figure 4. The nuclear egress of vRNPs late in infection leads to PKR activation.

Figure 4

(A) A549 cells grown on glass cover slips were infected with WT or mutant virus #4 at an MOI of 1. Cells were mock treated or complemented with LMB starting at 3 hours p.i.. At 8, 12 and 16 hours p.i., cells were fixed and stained for NP (shown in red color), and also for the NS1 protein at the 16 h time-point (shown in green color). Microscopic sample analysis was conducted by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Scale bar, 10 µm. (B) A549 cells grown in culture dishes were infected with WT virus or mutant virus #4 at an MOI of 1. Cells were mock treated or complemented with LMB starting 3 hours p.i. and lyzed 8, 12 and 16 hours p.i.. Whole cell lysates were analyzed by immunoblotting with antibodies specific for phospho-PKR, total PKR, NP, NS1 and tubulin as indicated.