Table 2.

Stimulants used and cytokines measured in the mononuclear cell assays.

Innate Immune Responses		Adaptive Immune Responses
Stimulants	Cytokines	Stimulants	Cytokines
Lipopolysaccharide	IFN-α	Phytohemagglutinin	IFN-γ
Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid	IFN-γ	Cockroach extract	IL-10
Peptidoglycan	IL-10	Dust mite (D. pteronyssinus)	IL-13
CpG	IL-12p40	extract	IL-4
Respiratory syncytial virus	TNF-α	Tetanus toxoid	IL-5†
Rhinovirus*	IL-8	CD3 + CD28 Mab*
Medium alone		Medium alone

* Stimulation not conducted on cells from the umbilical cord samples

† Not measured in umbilical cord samples