Table 4.

Comparison of experience of different forms intimate partner violence with experience of depressive episode in the last 12 months among currently married women in rural Ethiopia, Butajira, 2008 (n = 1994)

Characteristics	Sample	Prevalence No (%)	Crude OR (95% CI)	Adjusteda OR (95% CI)
Physical violence
Never	1006	27 (2.7)	1.00	1.00
Ever	988	69 (7.0)	2.72 (1.73, 4.29)	2.56 (1.61, 4.06)
Injury during physical violence
Never violence	1006	27 (2.7)	1.00	1.00
Not Injured	803	50 (6.2)	2.41 (1.49, 3.89)	2.30 (1.41, 3.75)
Injured	185	19 (10.3)	4.15 (2.26, 7.63)	3.59 (1.92, 6.71)
Severity of physical violence
Never violence	1006	27 (2.7)	1.00	1.00
Moderate	270	17 (6.3)	2.75 (1.50, 5.02)	2.71 (1.47, 4.97)
Severe	718	52 (7.2)	3.13 (1.96, 5.00)	3.09 (1.93, 4.97)
Physical violence. (during last pregnancy)
Never violence	1006	27 (2.7)	.00	1.00
Not during pregnancy	844	53 (6.3)	2.43 (1.52, 3.90)	2.28 (1.41, 3.70)
Yes, during pregnancy	144	16 (11.1)	4.53 (2.38, 8.64)	4.24 (2.19, 8.21)
Physical violence by onset
Never	1006	27 (2.7)	1.00	1.00
Current (last 12 months)	635	37 (5.8)	2.70 (1.65, 4.40)	2.77 (1.69, 4.55)
More than 12 months previously	353	32 (9.1)	3.62 (2.13, 6.12)	3.41 (1.99, 5.82)
Presence of sexual violence
Never	808	36 (4.5)	1.00	1.00
Ever	1186	60 (5.1)	1.14 (0.75, 1.75)	1.14 (0.74, 1.75)
Childhood sexual abuse (n = 1943)
No	1777	78 (4.4)	1.00	1.00
Yes	166	16 (9.6)	2.32 (1.32, 4.08)	2.00 (1.13, 3.56)
Emotional violence
Never	1441	42 (2.9)	1.00	1.00
Mild (single form)	376	34 (9.0)	3.32 (2.08, 5.30)	3.19 (1.98, 5.14)
Severe (two/more forms)	177	20 (11.3)	4.24 (2.43, 7.41)	3.90 (2.20, 6.93)
Any form of intim. part. violence
Never	559	17 (3.0)	1.00	1.00
Present	1435	79 (5.5)	1.86 (1.10, 3.17)	1.82 (1.06, 3.13)
Spousal control of respondent
Not controlled	889	32 (3.6)	1.00	1.00
Moderate	1006	53 (5.3)	1.49 (0.95, 2.33)	1.52 (0.96, 2.40)
Totally controlled	99	11 (11.1)	3.34 (1.63, 6.87)	3.30 (1.58, 6.90)

Adjusted^a : adjusted for age, residency, occupation, poverty status and khat chewing