Table 1.
Epidemiological characteristics of the two study populations
| Ghana | Brazil | |
|---|---|---|
| Number of children | 1877 | 1209 |
| Person-years | 1455 | 1104 |
| Diarrhoea | ||
| Incidence rate/PYa | 9.0 | 7.0 |
| Longitudinal prevalence (%) | 17 | 5 |
| Mean duration of episodes (days) | 6.1 | 2.7 |
| ALRIb | ||
| Number of episodes | 162 | 128 |
| Incidence rate/PY | 0.11 | 0.12 |
| Malnutrition | ||
| Weight-for-age z-score < −2 (%) | 30 | 13 |
| Mortality | ||
| Deaths (n) | 77 | 4 |
| Mortality rate/1000 PY | 52.9 | 3.6 |
aPY = person-years of observation.
bDefined as increased breathing rate (more than 50 breaths per minute) plus presence of any danger sign (see text).