Table 3.
Offspring birthweight according to paternal socio-economic status, birth condition and nutritional status in childhood
|
Offspring birthweight Mean (95% CI) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Paternal variables in childhood | n (%) | Crude | Adjusted |
| Monthly family income in tertiles | P = 0.40# | P = 0.36*,@ | |
| 1st tertile | 226 (43.0) | 3144 (3050–3238) | 3116 (3024–3209) |
| 2nd tertile | 211 (40.2) | 3208 (3116–3300) | 3130 (3020–3241) |
| 3rd tertile | 88 (16.8) | 3101 (2971–3231) | 3018 (2862–3174) |
| Birthweight (g) | P = 0.36# | P = 0.33#,§ | |
| <2500 | 32 (6.1) | 3279 (2988–3570) | 3230 (2983–3477) |
| 2500–2999 | 115 (21.9) | 3122 (2994–3250) | 3046 (2887–3206) |
| 3000–3499 | 206 (39.2) | 3121 (3030–3211) | 3071 (2942–3200) |
| ≥3500 | 172 (32.8) | 3215 (3114–3316) | 3155 (3014–3295) |
| Gestational age (weeks) | P = 0.25# | P = 0.29#,§ | |
| <37 | 18 (4.5) | 2985 (2582–3388) | 2916 (2593–3239) |
| ≥37 | 378 (95.5) | 3168 (3099–3237) | 3083 (2953–3214) |
| Weight for gestational age Z-score | P = 0.17* | P = 0.10*,§ | |
| <−1.28 | 75 (18.9) | 3122 (2960–3284) | 3021 (2818–3224) |
| −1.28 to 0 | 178 (44.9) | 3111 (3012–3211) | 3031 (2886–3176) |
| >0 | 143 (36.1) | 3233 (3117–3348) | 3160 (3001–3319) |
| Length for age Z-score at mean age of 20 months | P = 0.02# | P = 0.21#,ŧ | |
| ≤−2 | 89(18.6) | 3176(3035–3316) | 3006 (2756–3256) |
| −1.99 to −1 | 147 (30.8) | 3045 (2923–3167) | 2891 (2664–3119) |
| >−1 | 242 (50.6) | 3238 (3158–3318) | 3040 (2826–3254) |
| Weight for age Z-score at mean age of 20 months | P = 0.84# | P = 0.67*,ŧ | |
| ≤−2 | 19 (4.0) | 3097 (2704–3490) | 3128 (2683–3574) |
| −1.99 to −1 | 51 (10.7) | 3206 (2947–3464) | 2960 (2654–3265) |
| >−1 | 408 (85.4) | 3165 (3101–3228) | 2978 (2773–3182) |
| Height for age Z-score at mean age of 42 months | P = 0.03* | P = 0.05#,ŧ | |
| ≤−2 | 61 (13.0) | 3084 (2901–3268) | 2890 (2590–3190) |
| −1.99 to −1 | 135 (28.8) | 3068 (2939–3197) | 2800 (2600–3041) |
| >−1 | 273 (58.2) | 3231 (3153–3309) | 3015 (2835–3233) |
| Weight for age Z-score at mean age of 42 months | P = 0.64* | P = 0.52*,ŧ | |
| ≤−2 | 11 (2.4) | 3088 (2708–3469) | 3065 (2448–3683) |
| −1.99 to −1 | 63 (13.5) | 3138 (2931–3346) | 2980 (2706–3254) |
| >−1 | 394 (84.2) | 3170 (3102–3238) | 2923 (2704–3142) |
| Total | 525 | ||
*Test for linear trend.
#Test for heterogeneity.
@Adjusted for maternal skin colour.
§Adjusted for maternal skin colour, maternal schooling and family income at delivery.
ŧAdjusted for maternal skin colour, maternal schooling and family income at delivery, birthweight and gestational age.