Table 1.

Study design of included trials^a

Parameter	Trial Name
	VINO	FRISC II	TIMI IIIB	TACTICS-TIMI 18	ICTUS
Year	2002	2001	1994	2001	2005
Interventions	First-day angiography versussymptom/stress test–driven angiography	First-week angiography versussymptom/stress test–driven angiography Dalteparin versusplacebo	Angiography within 18 to 48 h versussymptom/stress test–driven angiography TPA versusplacebo	Angiography within 4 to 48 h versussymptom/stress test–driven angiography	Angiography within 24 to 48 h versussymptom/stress test–driven angiography
Type of ACS	Non-STEMI	Non-STEMI and UA	Non-Q wave MI and UA	Non-STEMI and UA	Non-STEMI
Major exclusions	Cardiogenic shock, Q-wave MI, thrombolysis within 30 d, disease with effect on 1-yr prognosis	Age >75, previous CABG, waiting list for revascularization, thrombolysis or PTCA within 6 mo, renal or hepatic insufficiency, severe illness	Treatable cause of ischemia, MI within 21 d, angiography within 30 d, PTCA within 6 mo, previous CABG, pulmonary edema, uncontrolled hypertension, contraindication to anticoagulation, severe illness	ST elevation, CABG or PTCA within 6 mo, severe CHF, severe shock, serious systemic disease	Age >80, STEMI within 48 h, indication for primary PTCA or thrombolysis, pulmonary edema, hemodynamic instability, fibrinolytics within 96 h, PTCA within 14 d
Renal exclusion	NA	>1.8 mg/dl	>3 mg/dl	Creatinine >2.5 mg/dl	NA
Primary end point	Composite of death and nonfatal MI	Composite of death and MI	Composite of death, MI, or “unsatisfactory” stress test	Composite of death, MI, and rehospitalization for acute coronary syndrome	Composite of death, MI, or hospitalization for angina
Interval for assessment of primary end point	6 mo	6 mo	6 wk	6 mo	1 yr
GIIb/IIIa inhibitors	None	Abciximab	None	Tirofiban	Abciximab
Anticoagulants	UFH	UFH, Dalteparin	UFH	UFH	Enoxaparin
Procedural MI	Not diagnosed within 72 h	At least two of the following: (1) CK-MB >1.5× ULN in one sample or CK, CK-B, or CK-MB activity >1.5× ULN in two samples or CK, CK-B, or CK-MB activity >3× ULN in one sample; (2) chest pain; or (3) diagnostic ECG changes	Post-CABG: CK or CK-MB >5× ULN; otherwise, CK-MB>ULN or CK >2× ULN	CK-MB >3× ULN and if preprocedure CK elevated a ≥50% over preprocedure and documentation that decreasing before procedure or new Q waves and/or pathologic findings distinct from index MI	Within first 48 h in patients with elevated CK-MB at randomization: CK-MB >ULN after a 50% decrease from peak value; otherwise, CK-MB >ULN. Post-CABG: New Q waves
Nonprocedural MI	Ischemic ECG changes with CK-MB >1.5× ULN or positive troponin I	At least two of the following: (1) CK-MB >ULN in one sample or CK, CK-B, or CK-MB activity >ULN in two samples; (2) chest pain; or (3) diagnostic ECG changes	CK-MB> ULN OR CK >2× ULN	(1) New Q waves distinct from index MI or both (b) Troponin >ULN or CK-MB >ULN or CK >2× ULN and ST/T wave changes or ischemic chest pain; or (3) pathologic findings of acute MI	CK-MB >ULN
Intention-to-treat analysis	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Loss to follow-up (%)	0	<5	<5	<5	<1
Outcomes blinded?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

^aACS, acute coronary syndrome; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CHF, congestive heart failure; CK, creatinine kinase; ECG, electrocardiogram; GIIb/IIIa, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa; MI, myocardial infarction; NA, not applicable; PTCA, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; STEMI, ST elevation MI; TIMI IIIB, Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction IIIB; TPA, tissue plasminogen activator; UA, unstable angina; UFH, unfractionated heparin; ULN, upper limit of normal; TIMI IIIB, Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction IIIb Trial; VINO, Value of first day angiography/angioplasty in evolving non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction: An open multicenter randomized trial; FRISC II, FRagmin and Fast Revascularisation during InStability in Coronary artery disease II trial; ICTUS, Invasive versus Conservative Treatment in Unstable Coronary Syndromes; TACTICS-TIMI 18, Treat Angina with Aggrastat and Determine Cost of Therapy with an Invasive or Conservative Strategy—Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 18 Trial.