Overexpression of calneuron-1 and calneuron-2 in cortical neurons induces a prominent enlargement of the Golgi whereas RNAi knockdown of calneuron-1 has the opposite effect. (A) Overexpressed calneuron-1–GFP shows almost complete colocalization with PI-4Kβ and the trans-Golgi marker syntaxin 6 but only to a minor extent with the cis-Golgi marker GM130. (B) 3D reconstruction of the TGN using syntaxin-6 stainings and Imaris. Neurons were stained 24 h after transfection with GFP–calneuron-1, GFP–calneuron-2, NCS-1–GFP, and GFP or 72 h after transfection with calneuron-1 shRNA or scramble shRNA constructs. The syntaxin-6-positive area (depicted in gray) was reconstructed with Imaris and overlaid with the nonmodified GFP channel. For the maximal projection merged pictures see Fig. S4. (Scale bar: 5 μm.) (C–E) Quantification of different parameters of TGN size using Imaris 3D reconstruction of the syntaxin-6 staining. Error bars represent the SEM. ∗∗∗, P < 0.001; ∗∗, P < 0.01.