Scheme 13a.
aReagents: (i) t-BuNO2, CH2I2, CuI, THF, Δ; (ii) Allyl alcohol, Pd(OAc)2, nBu4NBr, NaHCO3, DMF; (iii) morpholine, NaCNBH3, MeOH, DMF; (iv) CF3CO3H, CF3CO2H, DCM; (v) Et4Sn, Pd(PPh3)4, DME, Δ; (vi) NH2CN, HCl, Δ; then 30% NaOH, Δ; (vii) NaNO2, CF3CO2H; (viii) DMF, POCl3, Δ.