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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Biol. 2009 Mar 6;329(1):130–139. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.02.036

Figure 1. ACTIVIN A is a direct target of transcriptional repression by ΔNp63α.

Figure 1

(A) GAPDH-normalized mRNA levels of ACTIVIN A, CDKN 2B, and BAMBI were determined by quantitative PCR in HaCaT, HaCaT-RG and A-549 cells expressing p63 siRNA (normalized to GFP siRNA) as well as HEK 293 cells infected with a ΔNp63 α-expressing adenovirus (normalized to control adenovirus). Data from three independent experiments are presented with standard deviation; data is presented as fold change with a base-2 logarithmic scale. (B) Human keratinocytes (NHEKs) were crosslinked and p63-bound chromatin was sonicated and purified. Semi-quantitative ChIP analysis was performed with primers flanking the known p63 response element in the CDKN1A gene or the candidate site in the INHBA (Activin A) gene as described in Materials and Methods. (C) Xenopus animal caps were injected with morpholino oligonucleotides targeting p63 and p53 singly, or in combination, or with a control morpholino targeting β-globin. RNA was isolated and the levels of activin was measured using quantitative real time PCR and normalized to the expression of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). Data is representative of at lease three individual experiments.