Table 1.
Summary of Chronic Disease-Related Genes With a Relationship to Aging and Longevity in Human Studies
| Gene | Cited Polymorphism | Association with Longevity |
Chronic Disease* | |
| Evidence For | Evidence Against | |||
| ACE | intron16ins/del | (28, 29, 53–55) | (27, 56–61) | CVD, AD |
| AGT | M235T | (25, 61) | CVD | |
| APOA1 | G-75A | (62) | CVD/lipid metabolism | |
| APOA4 | Gln360His | (63) | CVD/lipid metabolism | |
| Asp127Ser | (62) | |||
| APOB | 3′-APOB VNTR allele | (64–67) | (28, 30, 68) | CVD/lipid metabolism |
| Haplotype | (67) | |||
| APOC1 | HpaI site | (54) | CVD/lipid metabolism | |
| APOC3 | SstI cut site (G3238C) | (30) | (62) | CVD/lipid metabolism |
| T-455C | (69) | |||
| C-641A | (70) | (41) | ||
| APOE | E4/e2 isoforms | (25–41) | (53, 54, 58, 60, 71, 72) | CVD, AD, stroke |
| CETP | Ile405Val | (73, 74) | (41, 75–77) | CVD/lipid metabolism |
| FII | G20210A | (59) | CVD | |
| FGB | G-455A | (61, 78, 79) | CVD | |
| FVL | Arg506Gln | (61, 80–83) | CVD | |
| Factor VII | R353Q | (25, 84, 85) | (61, 78, 85) | CVD |
| GPIa | C807T | (59) | CVD | |
| GPIIIa | T1563C | (59) | CVD | |
| MTHFR | C677T (Ala222Val) | (25, 83, 86–90) | (54, 59, 61, 91, 92) | CVD, AD, osteoporosis |
| MTR | D919G | (93) | (61) | CVD |
| MTP | G-493T and Q95H | (94, 95) | (41, 96–98) | CVD/lipid metabolism |
| PAI-1 | 4G/5G insertion | (78, 79) | (61, 99, 100) | CVD |
| PON1 | Gln192Arg | (101-104) | (41, 105) | CVD/lipid metabolism |
| T-107C | (105) | (101) | ||
| Ht combinations, GWAS SNPs | (102, 106, 107) | |||
| REN | (108) | CVD | ||
| TAFI | G-438A | (79) | (61, 79) | CVD |
| TP53 | Arg72Pro | (25, 109–112) | Cancer | |
Notes: Genes were included based on a Pubmed search with the following terms: gene | genetic & longevity | aging | age-related. Hits from this search were further investigated and additional references cited when appropriate. Final inclusion depended on relevance to particular disease processes versus aging mechanisms (Table 2). The search was first performed in fall 2006 and updated in March 2008. SNP = single nucleotide polymorphism; GWAS = genomewide association study.
*
This column shows disease or biological processes previously related to the gene cited to provide biological context.