Table 3.
Estimates of the Effect of Dichotomous Cumulative Comorbidity Indices Measured in Twins of Different Zygosity on Longevity (Measured in Years) of the Same Twins as Well as on Longevity of Co-Twins
| Male Participants |
Female Participants |
|||||||
| MZ |
DZ |
MZ |
DZ |
|||||
| Index | Twin | Co-Twin | Twin | Co-Twin | Twin | Co-Twin | Twin | Co-Twin |
| CMIM17 | 2.7*** | 3.0*** | 1.9*** | 1.6*** | 2.3*** | 2.2*** | 2.5*** | 0.5 |
| CMIF10 | 1.9*** | 1.5** | 1.3** | 0.3 | 2.3*** | 2.4*** | 2.5*** | 1.4*** |
| CMICMF5 | 2.1*** | 2.2*** | 1.8*** | 1.2** | 2.0*** | 1.9*** | 2.5*** | 1.6*** |
| CMIMS12 | 1.9*** | 2.7*** | 1.7*** | 1.1** | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1.3*** | −0.8* |
| CMIFS5 | 1.2* | 0.3 | 1.0* | −0.4 | 2.5*** | 2.9*** | 1.7*** | 0.9* |
Notes: Twin = life span and health are measured in the same persons (control procedure); Co-Twin = health status is measured in twins, whereas life span is measured in Co-Twins (primary procedure). Co-Twin denotes a second twin in the pair. Note that the minus sign in the table means that unhealthy individuals live longer than healthy individuals. MZ = monozygotic; DZ = dizygotic; CMI = comorbidity index.
*0.01 < p ≤ .05; **0.001 < p ≤ .01; ***p ≤ .001; other results are insignificant.