Table 3.

Estimates of the Effect of Dichotomous Cumulative Comorbidity Indices Measured in Twins of Different Zygosity on Longevity (Measured in Years) of the Same Twins as Well as on Longevity of Co-Twins

	Male Participants				Female Participants
	MZ		DZ		MZ		DZ
Index	Twin	Co-Twin	Twin	Co-Twin	Twin	Co-Twin	Twin	Co-Twin
CMIM17	2.7***	3.0***	1.9***	1.6***	2.3***	2.2***	2.5***	0.5
CMIF10	1.9***	1.5**	1.3**	0.3	2.3***	2.4***	2.5***	1.4***
CMICMF5	2.1***	2.2***	1.8***	1.2**	2.0***	1.9***	2.5***	1.6***
CMIMS12	1.9***	2.7***	1.7***	1.1**	0.6	0.3	1.3***	−0.8*
CMIFS5	1.2*	0.3	1.0*	−0.4	2.5***	2.9***	1.7***	0.9*

Notes: Twin = life span and health are measured in the same persons (control procedure); Co-Twin = health status is measured in twins, whereas life span is measured in Co-Twins (primary procedure). Co-Twin denotes a second twin in the pair. Note that the minus sign in the table means that unhealthy individuals live longer than healthy individuals. MZ = monozygotic; DZ = dizygotic; CMI = comorbidity index.

*0.01 < p ≤ .05; **0.001 < p ≤ .01; ***p ≤ .001; other results are insignificant.