Table 4.
Vmax of C298A mutant human aldose reductase
| Substrate | Urea (1.0 M) | Methylamine (0.5 M) | Vmax,* % of control |
|---|---|---|---|
| dl-Glyceraldehyde | − | None (control) | 100.0 (6) |
| + | None | 68.5 ± 2.4 (6) | |
| − | Betaine | 62.9 ± 0.5 (3) | |
| + | Betaine | 49.0 ± 0.7 (3) | |
| − | GPC | 17.8 ± 0.3 (3) | |
| + | GPC | 23.2 ± 0.3 (3) | |
| − | None (control) | 100.0 (11) | |
| d-Xylose | + | None | 85.4 ± 2.3 (11) |
| − | TMAO | 76.6 ± 0.8 (3) | |
| + | TMAO | 69.4 ± 1.8 (3) | |
| − | Betaine | 71.4 ± 0.4 (3) | |
| + | Betaine | 60.5 ± 0.8 (3) | |
| − | GPC | 26.5 ± 0.8 (3) | |
| + | GPC | 42.6 ± 2.3 (3) |
*
Controls contained no urea or cosolvent. All experimental values are significantly less than control (P < 0.05).