Figure 4.

Dkk-1 and lithium have a minimal effect on collagen lattice contraction. A. Means and 95% confidence intervals for collagen lattice average diameters as observed over seven days are given for fibroblasts from mice expressing the wild type fibroblasts treated with either an adenovirus expressing Dkk-1 or a control adenovirus. Cultures were also treated with either transforming growth factor β or a carrier. There is a statistically significant difference for transforming growth factor β treatment compared to carrier after day three. For Dkk-1 and lithium treatment there is a minimal change in lattice contraction rate. B. Representative photographs of the collagen lattices at day seven. C. Western analysis for β-catenin showing how Dkk-1 and lithium regulates the protein level of β-catenin.