Table 1.
Clinical information for control subjects and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) included in this study
| Normal control | Inactive SLE | Active SLE | AS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient no. | 36 | 29 | 58 | 23 |
| Age 1 (range) | 37 ± 12 (22–70) | 40 ± 11 (21–70) | 36 ± 11 (21–61) | 43 ± 12* (21–70) |
| Gender (female/male) | 34/2 | 27/2 | 52/6 | 4/19** |
| SLEDAI score1 | NA | 1·5 ± 1·0 | 7·5 ± 5·3 | NA |
| Prednisolone (users/non-users) | NA | 26/3 | 54/4 | NA |
| Hydroxychloroquine (users/non-users) | NA | 16/13 | 40/18 | NA |
| Azathioprine (users/non-users) | NA | 2/27 | 5/53 | NA |
| Drug (users/non-users) | NA | 26/3 | 54/4 | NA |
AS, ankylosing spondylitis; NA, not applicable; SLEDAI, systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index.
*
P <0·05 compared with active SLE, results analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U-test
**
P <0·05 compared with normal control, results analyzed using Fisher's exact test.
1
Mean ± standard deviation.