TABLE 1.
Distribution of preoperative variables
| Variable |
Year of operation |
P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 to 1994 | 1995 to 1999 | 2000 to June 2005 | ||
| Number of patients | 92 | 202 | 314 | |
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 82±2.5 | 82.1±2.3 | 82.1±1.81 | 0.9 |
| Body surface area, m2, mean ± SD | 1.77±0.2 | 1.79±0.2 | 1.8±0.2 | 0.2 |
| Women, % | 37 | 35.2 | 30.9 | 0.4 |
| Hypertension, % | 51.1 | 55 | 67.8 | 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia, % | 27.5 | 40.6 | 65.8 | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 23.9 | 19.3 | 28.7 | 0.05 |
| LVEF, % | ||||
| ≥60 | 26.1 | 29.7 | 40.8 | 0.007 |
| 40 to 60 | 44.6 | 48.5 | 35 | |
| <40 | 29.3 | 21.8 | 24.2 | |
| Urgency of surgery, % | ||||
| Elective | 21.7 | 32.7 | 38.7 | <0.0001 |
| Same hospital | 44.6 | 49.5 | 48.5 | |
| Urgent/emergent | 33.7 | 17.8 | 12.8 | |
| NYHA class, % | ||||
| I or II | 7.6 | 7 | 17.3 | 0.0003 |
| III | 28.3 | 17.3 | 22.8 | |
| IV | 64.1 | 75.7 | 59.9 | |
| Triple-vessel disease, % | 80.4 | 82.2 | 85.0 | 0.5 |
| Left main disease, % | 30.4 | 28.7 | 39.2 | 0.03 |
| Number of diseased vessels, mean ± SD | 2.78±0.5 | 2.8±0.5 | 2.84±0.4 | 0.4 |
| Congestive heart failure, % | 22 | 12.9 | 17.2 | 0.1 |
| Peripheral vascular disease, % | 24.2 | 22.3 | 30.3 | 0.1 |
| COPD, % | 17.4 | 7.4 | 6.4 | 0.003 |
| Myocardial infarction, % | 27.2 | 23.8 | 26.4 | 0.7 |
| Stroke, % | 8.7 | 12.9 | 12.7 | 0.5 |
| Renal failure, % | 9.8 | 5.5 | 0 | <0.0001 |
| Previous angioplasty, % | 5.4 | 6.9 | 6.1 | 0.9 |
| Previous thrombolysis, % | 3.4 | 11.4 | 3.8 | 0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation, % | 1.1 | 2.5 | 6.1 | 0.04 |
| Any reoperative surgery, % | 3.3 | 5 | 1 | 0.02 |
COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LVEF Left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA New York Heart Association