Fig. 2.

Port placement for transperitoneal robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty as per the surgeon’s preference. A 12-mm port is inserted at the umbilicus and pneumoperitoneum is established. This eventually serves as the assistant’s port. By placing this port away from the robot, collisions are avoided. A second 12-mm camera port is placed along the anterior axillary line at the estimated location of the ureteropelvic junction. Lastly, 2 robotic arm ports are placed medial to the camera port to create an isoceles triangle with the base facing medially.