Table 1.

Genomic localization of histone demethylase substrates

Lysine	Methylation	Genomic localization	Gene localization
K4	me1	Insulators	Active enhancers, active promoters, intragenic
	me2	Tissue-specific genes; insulators	Active enhancers, active promoters, intragenic
	me3	Active chromatin; tissue-specific genes; insulators	Active enhancers, active promoters
K9	me1	Pericentric heterochromatin (dm); nuclear interior; insulators	Active enhancers, active promoters
	me2	Pericentric heterochromatin (dm); nuclear/nucleolar periphery	Repressed promoters, silenced promoters
	me3	Pericentric heterochromatin (dm); repressed chromatin; silenced genes; centromeres; telomeres	Silenced promoters, intragenic (active genes)
K27	me1	Pericentric heterochromatin (dm)	Active promoters, intragenic
	me2	Pericentric heterochromatin (dm)	Silenced promoters
	me3	Pericentric heterochromatin (dm); repressed chromatin; tissue-specific silenced genes	Silenced promoters
K36	me1	NR	Slight association with active promoters
	me2	NR	Intragenic (3′ end)
	me3	Active genes	Intragenic (3′ end)

Data are from studies performed in Drosophila melanogaster (dm) or in mammalian systems (Barski et al., 2007; Heintzman et al., 2007; Mikkelsen et al., 2007; Regha et al., 2007; Vakoc et al., 2006). NR, data not reported in mammalian systems