Table 3.

Subject Characteristics by Study and Race/Ethnicity^*

Race/Ethnicity	Eligible for HS (Epistry 4/2006–3/2007)		Enrolled in HS (HS 4/2007–3/2008)		p-value
	N		N
Shock Cohort
Age – mean (SD)
White	175	40 (23)	52	37 (17)	0.25
Black	247	27 (18)	94	31 (11)	0.02
Hispanic	87	23 (17)	27	30 (11)	0.01
Gender - % male
White	175	67%	52	73%	< 0.001
Black	247	79%	94	93%	< 0.001
Hispanic	87	67%	27	93%	< 0.001
Injury Type - % pen.
White	175	22%	52	31%	0.28
Black	247	60%	94	81%	< 0.001
Hispanic	87	28%	27	59%	0.01
TBI Cohort
Age – mean (SD)
White	137	40 (20)	82	38 (19)	0.54
Black	75	36 (17)	26	35 (13)	0.57
Hispanic	50	28 (11)	34	29 (9)	0.61
Gender - % male
White	137	71%	82	71%	< 0.001
Black	75	73%	26	77%	< 0.001
Hispanic	50	78%	34	88%	< 0.001
Injury Type - % pen.
White	137	0%	82	1%	-
Black	75	0%	26	4%	-
Hispanic	50	0%	34	3%	-
Entire HS Sample
Age – mean (SD)
White	312	40 (22)	134	38 (18)	0.24
Black	322	29 (19)	120	32 (11)	0.09
Hispanic	137	25 (16)	61	30 (10)	0.01
Gender - % male
White	312	69%	134	72%	< 0.001
Black	322	78%	120	89%	< 0.001
Hispanic	137	71%	61	90%	< 0.001
Injury Type - % pen.
White	312	13%	134	13%	0.92
Black	322	46%	120	64%	< 0.001
Hispanic	137	18%	61	28%	0.14

^*Note: Analyses were restricted to those with sufficient race/ethnicity data.

By definition, no injuries were penetrating in HS-TBI-eligible Epistry, whereas some subjects with penetrating injuries were enrolled in HS-TBI. P-values for age were computed using a t-test. P-values for gender and injury type were computed using Pearson’s Chi-squared Test. Agencies not enrolling in HS were excluded from Epistry analysis, and vice versa.