Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population.

Mean age (y)	58 ± 8
Sex
Men	64 (178)
Women	36 (100)
Race
African American	93 (258)
White	6 (17)
Hispanic	1 (3)
Cause of ESRD
Hypertension	31 (86)
Diabetes	28 (78)
Polycystic kidney disease	2 (6)
Glomerulonephritis	1 (3)
Human immunodeficiency virus	3 (8)
Other	2 (6)
Unknown	33 (91)
AVF type
Radial-cephalic	37 (103)
Brachial-cephalic	42 (117)
Brachial-basilic	21 (58)

Note: N = 278. Values expressed as mean ± SD or percent (number).

Abbreviations: ESRD, end-stage renal disease; AVF, arteriovenous fistula.