Table 1.
Carbonylated Mitochondrial Proteins From Fast-Twitch and Slow-Twitch Skeletal Muscle
| No. | Accession* | Proteins | Unique Peptides and Total MS/MS (Fast-Twitch)† | Ratio (Fast-Twitch) Old:Young‡ | Unique Peptides and Total MS/MS (Slow-Twitch)† | Ratio (Slow-Twitch) Old:Young§ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Found in Both Muscle Types | ||||||
| 1 | Q5M7W0 | Electron-transferring flavoprotein, α polypeptide | 2,3 | 40.2 | 1,8 | 13.8 |
| 2 | P08461 | Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (fragment) | 4,13 | 15.1 | 1,2 | 0.5 |
| 3 | Q64428 | Trifunctional enzyme subunit α | 3,13 | 9.9 | 1,1 | 0.5 |
| 4 | P35434 | ATP synthase Δ chain | 1,4 | 9.5 | 1,4 | 5.3 |
| 5 | Q05962 | ADP/ATP translocase 1 | 1,4 | 8.7 | 2,4 | 1 |
| 6 | Q01205 | Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex | 3,3 | 6.2 | 4,12 | 0.2 |
| 7 | P13437 | Acetyl-CoA acyltransferase | 1,4 | 4.7 | 1,4 | 0.1 |
| 8 | Q5XIH3 | NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein 1 | 1,7 | 3.3 | 2,19 | 7.9 |
| 9 | IPI00390435.1 | 76-kd protein | 10,32 | 3.1 | 3,13 | 0.5 |
| 10 | P45953 | Very-long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase | 2,5 | 2.7 | 1,2 | 1.9 |
| 11 | P20788 | Ubiquinol–cytochrome c reductase iron–sulfur subunit | 4,6 | 2.4 | 1,6 | 0.4 |
| 12 | Q68FY0 | Ubiquinol–cytochrome c reductase core protein 1 | 1,14 | 2.3 | 1,9 | 7 |
| 13 | Q641Y2 | NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 2 | 1,1 | 2.1 | 1,2 | 0.7 |
| 14 | IPI00360013.2 | Voltage-dependent anion channel | 3,21 | 1.8 | 2,11 | 2.9 |
| 15 | P15999 | ATP synthase subunit α | 5,14 | 1.8 | 8,22 | 2.2 |
| 16 | IPI00207891.2 | 31-kd protein | 1,2 | 1.7 | 2,2 | 1.5 |
| 17 | P10719 | ATP synthase subunit β | 27,127 | 1.5 | 14,98 | 1.8 |
| 18 | P49432 | Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit β | 12,34 | 1.4 | 1,5 | 0.4 |
| 19 | Q68FX0 | Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD) subunit β | 2,4 | 1.4 | 1,5 | 0.3 |
| 20 | P04636 | Malate dehydrogenase | 18,63 | 1.3 | 6,37 | 1.5 |
| 21 | Q5BJZ3 | Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase | 4,5 | 1.3 | 3,18 | 1.1 |
| 22 | IPI00366416.1 | Cytochrome c-1 | 3,23 | 1.3 | 2,2 | 0.6 |
| 23 | IPI00371236.2 | TU translation elongation factor | 1,2 | 1.2 | 1,1 | 0.1 |
| 24 | P21571 | ATP synthase coupling factor 6 | 6,14 | 1.1 | 1,4 | 0.7 |
| 25 | P19234 | NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial (precursor) | 5,14 | 1.0 | 3,13 | 0.4 |
| 26 | Q9WVK7 | Short chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase | 4,8 | 1.0 | 2,6 | 1.3 |
| 27 | Q9ER34 | Aconitate hydratase | 2,3 | 0.9 | 4,11 | 0.8 |
| 28 | P10860 | Glutamate dehydrogenase 1 | 2,3 | 0.7 | 4,8 | 0.5 |
| 29 | IPI00359981.1 | NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 α subcomplex, 13 | 1,5 | 0.2 | 1,19 | 1.1 |
| Found in Fast-Twitch Muscle Only | ||||||
| 30 | Q6GSM4 | Malate dehydrogenase | 1,3 | 193.2 | ||
| 31 | P15650 | Long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase | 1,2 | 134.9 | ||
| 32 | IPI00365813.2 | Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 | 1,2 | 27.9 | ||
| 33 | P14604 | Enoyl-CoA hydratase | 2,4 | 10.0 | ||
| 34 | P81155 | Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 | 1,5 | 7.3 | ||
| 35 | Q62651 | Delta3,5-delta2,4-dienoyl-CoA isomerase | 1,2 | 6.7 | ||
| 36 | P48721 | Stress-70 protein | 5,29 | 6.4 | ||
| 37 | P35435 | ATP synthase γ chain | 6,30 | 5.3 | ||
| 38 | P63039 | 60-kd heat shock protein | 6,9 | 4.8 | ||
| 39 | Q5RJN0 | NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 7 | 3,9 | 4.8 | ||
| 40 | Q5BK63 | Ndufa9 protein (fragment) | 2,4 | 4.5 | ||
| 41 | P15651 | Short-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase | 1,5 | 4.3 | ||
| 42 | Q66HF1 | NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 1 | 1,1 | 4.1 | ||
| 43 | P32551 | Ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase complex core protein 2 | 11,38 | 3.3 | ||
| 44 | Q9Z0J5-1 | Thioredoxin reductase 2 | 1,1 | 2.9 | ||
| 45 | P17764 | Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase | 15,40 | 3.0 | ||
| 46 | P97615 | Thioredoxin | 2,3 | 3.0 | ||
| 47 | P18886 | Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2 | 1,4 | 2.6 | ||
| 48 | Q80WE0 | NADH dehydrogenase 1 α subcomplex 10-like protein | 1,1 | 2.6 | ||
| 49 | IPI00366206.2 | 13-kd differentiation-associated protein | 2,6 | 2.5 | ||
| 50 | Q6DGF1 | NADP+-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase | 6,10 | 2.3 | ||
| 51 | O96000 | NADH–ubiquinone oxidoreductase PDSW subunit (complex I-PDSW) (CI-PDSW) isoform 1 | 1,1 | 2.3 | ||
| 52 | IPI00202616.1 | NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 3 | 2,14 | 2.2 | ||
| 53 | Q99NA5 | Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD) subunit α | 1,1 | 2.1 | ||
| 54 | IPI00204641.1 | NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 β subcomplex, 9 | 1,1 | 2.0 | ||
| 55 | Q5XI78 | Similar to oxoglutarate dehydrogenase | 3,6 | 1.9 | ||
| 56 | P11608 | ATP synthase protein 8 | 1,1 | 1.9 | ||
| 57 | IPI00372007.2 | Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S36 | 1,1 | 1.9 | ||
| 58 | Q5UAJ8 | NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 | 1,6 | 1.8 | ||
| 59 | IPI00191103.1 | Mitochondrial ribosome | 2,5 | 1.7 | ||
| 60 | Q60587 | Trifunctional enzyme subunit β | 2,5 | 1.7 | ||
| 61 | P11884 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase | 2,4 | 1.4 | ||
| 62 | P09605 | Creatine kinase | 1,1 | 1.4 | ||
| 63 | Q9R063-1 | Peroxiredoxin-5 | 1,2 | 1.3 | ||
| 64 | P21913 | Enoyl-CoA hydratase | 1,1 | 1.3 | ||
| 65 | Q91ZW1-1 | Transcription factor A | 1,1 | 1.3 | ||
| 66 | Q920L2 | Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein subunit | 7,20 | 1.2 | ||
| 67 | Q63704 | Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase I | 2,2 | 1.0 | ||
| 68 | P11662 | NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 2 | 1,1 | 1.0 | ||
| 69 | IPI00364431.2 | Succinate-CoA ligase, ADP-forming, β subunit | 2,5 | 0.9 | ||
| 70 | P13803 | Electron transfer flavoprotein subunit α | 1,3 | 0.9 | ||
| 71 | Q6UPE1 | Electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase | 1,1 | 0.9 | ||
| 72 | Q9Z2L0 | Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 | 6,11 | 0.8 | ||
| 73 | P00507 | Aspartate aminotransferase | 6,17 | 0.7 | ||
| 74 | P26772 | 10-kd heat shock protein | 3,10 | 0.7 | ||
| 75 | Q2XTA8 | NADH dehydrogenase 1 β 4 (fragment) | 2,6 | 0.7 | ||
| 76 | IPI00208203.2 | Peroxisomal Δ3, Δ2-enoyl-CoA isomerase | 1,1 | 0.7 | ||
| 77 | P26284 | Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component α subunit | 2,2 | 0.4 | ||
| 78 | P31399 | ATP synthase D chain | 1,2 | 0.1 | ||
| Found in Slow-Twitch Muscle Only | ||||||
| 79 | Q6AYK4 | Apoptosis facilitator Bcl-2-like protein 14 | 1,2 | 9.0 | ||
| 80 | P11240 | Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A | 2,7 | 6.6 | ||
| 81 | Q7TQ85 | Ac1164 | 1,5 | 0.9 | ||
| 82 | IPI00365505.2 | Cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIIA polypeptide 2-like | 1,4 | 0.9 | ||
| 83 | P41565 | Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD) subunit γ | 1,3 | 0.9 | ||
| 84 | P09605 | Creatine kinase | 1,10 | 0.8 | ||
| 85 | IPI00370372.2 | NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 β subcomplex 8 | 1,6 | 0.8 | ||
| 86 | O55171 | Acyl-CoA thioesterase 2 | 1,4 | 0.5 | ||
| 87 | Q6P6R2 | Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase | 1,2 | 0.3 |
*
Notes: Swiss-Prot accession numbers are given for each protein. For those proteins without a Swiss-Prot accession number, IPI accession numbers are given instead.
†
The number of unique peptides and total number of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) spectra matched to each protein via sequence database searching are given.
‡
Ratio 116:114 indicates protein carbonylation ratio between old and young in fast-twitch muscle.
§
Ratio 117:115 indicates protein carbonylation ratio between old and young in slow-twitch muscle.
MS/MS = tandem mass spectrometry; ATP = adenosine-5′-triphosphate; ADP = adenosine diphosphate; CoA = coenzyme A; NADH = reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NAD = nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NADP = nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.