Table 1.

Effects of glycation by MG of type I collagen and fibronectin on the morphologies of gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblasts after 12 hours

	Collagen*				Collagen-MG†
	Cell Length‡	Area	Perimeter	Shape factor§	Cell Length	Area	Perimeter	Shape factor
Human Gingival Fibroblast
	165.2**	6631.6	453.1	0.422	128.0‡‡	3079.7‡‡	362.5‡‡	0.321‡‡
	(32.8)	(2392.9)	(97.7)	(0.145)	(42.4)	(1779.9)	(130.3)	(0.135)
Periodontal Ligament Fibroblast
	215.0	12253.5	672.1	0.364	211.1	6197.3‡‡	510.9‡‡	0.320††
	(48.6)	(5422.6)	(163.9)	(0.160)	(59.2)	(2684.2)	(139.9)	(0.132)
	Fibronectin*				Fibronectin-MG†
	Cell length	Area	Perimeter	Shape factor	Cell length	Area	Perimeter	Shape factor
Human Gingival Fibroblast
	182.4	7963.8	527.2	0.368	134.0‡‡	4952.8‡‡	346.6‡‡	0.520‡‡
	(41.6)	(4470.0)	(142.1)	(0.126)	(31.4)	(1954.4)	(68.5)	(0.138)
Periodontal Ligament Fibroblast
	200.3	13629.0	572.4	0.527	174.9‡‡	6587.0‡‡	590.6	0.275‡‡
	(24.6)	(3614.8)	(76.3)	(0.130)	(56.2)	(3665.0)	(223.6)	(0.141)

^*rat tail type I collagen and human plasma fibronectin

^†type I collagen and fibronectin were glycated with methylglyoxal as detailed under Materials and Methods

^‡units of measurement presented are cell length and perimeter (μm), area (μm²)

^§shape factor coefficient reflects (area/perimeter²) × 4π.

^**presented are means and SD (in parentheses) for 150 measured cells per condition.

^††Significant (P < 0.01)

^‡‡Significant (P < 0.001)

(Mann-Whitney U test).