Table 3.

Results of Cox Proportional Hazards Models for Risk of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Event (CAD death, MI, Revascularization Procedure, Stenosis>50%, Ischemic ECG, Angina)

	Model 1 Unadjusted	Model 2 Adjusted for duration of T1D	Model 3 Adjusted for duration of T1D and sex	Model 4 Covariate adjusted(final)
	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)
Retinal Arteriolar Caliber1	1.51 (1.14, 2.00)**	1.41 (1.06, 1.88) *	1.41 (1.05, 1.88) *	1.42 (1.04, 1.96) *
Retinal Venular Caliber	1.17 (0.91, 1.51)	1.16 (0.90, 1.50)	1.15 (0.89, 1.49)	0.98 (0.74, 1.31)
Diabetes Duration	----------	1.80 (1.46, 2.21) ***	1.81 (1.47, 2.24) ***	1.74 (1.39, 2.17) ***
Female Sex	----------	----------	0.75 (0.47, 1.18)	0.96 (0.59, 1.56)
ln(Triglycerides)	----------	----------	----------	1.26 (1.02, 1.54) *
Smoking	----------	----------	----------	1.98 (1.15, 3.43) *
Hypertension	----------	----------	----------	2.00 (0.97, 4.12)

^*p<0.05,

^**p<0.01,

^***p<0.001

Results are presented as hazard ratio (HR) per 1-standard deviation increase¹ (95% confidence interval). The following covariates were also available for adjustment: HDL-C, LDL-C, pulse rate, BMI, waist-hip ratio, white blood cell count, serum albumin, fibrinogen, severity of retinopathy, and albumin excretion rate, with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood pressure medication use available to alternative models that did not include hypertension. Only those covariates shown in the table were included in the final model after forward selection.

¹Hazard Ratios are per one standard deviation decrease in retinal arteriolar caliber