Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics by Vital Status in 2603 Older Adults- Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study, 1979-2003.
| All (n=2603) | Survivors (n=2153) | Decedents (n=450) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female, No. (%) | 516 (19.8) | 464 (21.6) | 52 (11.6)* |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 64.4 (4.8) | 64.2 (4.7) | 65.7 (5.0)* |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 26.3 (3.7) | 26.4 (3.7) | 26.2 (3.9) |
| Waist circumference, mean (SD), cm | 90.3 (19.9) | 90.4 (19.3) | 90.3 (22.6) |
| Percent body fa†, mean (SD) | 26.5 (5.4) | 26.5 (5.4) | 26.6 (5.6) |
| Fat free mass†, mean (SD), kg | 58.4 (9.4) | 58.4 (9.5) | 58.5 (8.7) |
| Fat mass†, mean (SD), kg | 21.6 (7.2) | 21.5 (7.1) | 21.8 (7.8) |
| Treadmill time, mean (SD), min | 12.6 (4.8) | 12.9 (4.7) | 11.0 (4.8)* |
| Maximal METs, mean (SD) | 9.1 (2.2) | 9.3 (2.2) | 8.4 (2.2)* |
| BMI-defined weight groups, No. (%) | |||
| 18.5-24.9 | 1020 (39.2) | 828 (38.5) | 192 (42.7) |
| 25.0-29.9 | 1206 (46.3) | 1010 (46.9) | 196 (43.6) |
| 30.0-34.9 | 316 (12.1) | 266 (12.4) | 50 (11.1) |
| ≥35 | 61 (2.3) | 49 (2.3) | 12 (2.7) |
| Waist circumference ≥ 88 cm for women; ≥102 cm for men, No. (%) | 643 (24.7) | 528 (24.5) | 115 (25.6) |
| Lipids, mean (SD), mmol/L | |||
| Total cholesterol | 5.6 (1.1) | 5.6 (1.1) | 5.7 (1.2) |
| HDL-C | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.4)* |
| Triglycerides | 1.5 (1.0) | 1.5 (1.0) | 1.6 (0.9) |
| Fasting blood glucose, mean (SD), mmol/L | 5.9 (1.4) | 5.9 (1.3) | 6.0 (1.6) |
| Physically inactive, No. (%) | 657 (25.2) | 546 (25.4) | 111 (24.7) |
| Current smoker, No. (%) | 235 (9.0) | 175 (8.1) | 60 (13.3)* |
| Abnormal exercise ECG responses, No. (%) | 532 (20.4) | 405 (18.8) | 127 (28.2)* |
| Metabolic syndrome‡, No. (%) | 644 (24.7) | 505 (23.5) | 139 (30.9)* |
| Chronic medical condition§, No. (%) | |||
| CVD | 139 (5.3) | 93 (4.3) | 46 (10.2)* |
| Diabetes | 266 (10.2) | 212 (9.9) | 54 (12.0) |
| Hypertension | 1241 (47.7) | 993 (46.1) | 248 (55.1)* |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 1034 (39.7) | 881 (40.9) | 153 (34.0)* |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; METs, maximal metabolic equivalents achieved during the treadmill test; ECG, electrocardiogram; SBP, systolic blood ressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein
Difference between survivors and decedents was statistically significant (P<.05).
Percent body fat, fat mass and fat free mass: n = 2584 (442 deaths)
Defined as the presence of ≥3 of the 5 metabolic risk factors based on NCEP ATP-III criteria
Chronic medical condition was defined as the presence of hypercholesterolemia (history of physician diagnosed high cholesterol or measured fasting total cholesterol ≥ 240 mg/dL [6.20 mmol/L]) or diabetes (history of physician diagnosis, or use of insulin or measured fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL [7.0 mmol/L]); or hypertension (history of physician diagnosis or resting SBP ≥140 mmHg or DBP ≥90 mmHg); or personal history of physician diagnosed CVD (MI or stroke).