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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2009 Feb 27;31(4):216–224. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2009.02.002

Table 3.

Number of Cigarettes per Day and Birth Cotinine Levels by Different Smoking Groups (N=172)

Smoking Group
Control Light (<10/day) Moderate (10 to 19/day) Heavy (20+/day)
n=57 n=42 n=58 n=15 Statistic
3 mo Prior 0 10.5 (6.2) 21.0 (5.1) 25.3 (9.3) F(1,168)=596.6, p <.000
1st Trimester 0 6.9 (4.4) 16.0 (6.1) 23.7 (8.6) F(1,168)=462.0, p <.000
2nd Trimester 0 1.8 (2.9) 7.6 (5.7) 23.0 (11.3) F(1,168)=236.8, p <.000
3rd Trimester 0 1.1 (1.8) 7.2 (5.4) 17.9 (9.7) F(1,168)=218.4, p <.000
Birth Blood Cotinine1 .62 (4.0) 3.4 (10.1) 16.6 (29.6) 41.8 (89.9) F(1,105)=13.95, p <.000
1

Data available on 42 controls, 23 light, 36 moderate, and 8 heavy smokers.