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. 2009 May 16;9:23. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-9-23

Table 2.

Exposure to Traumatic Events and War Crimes

All Not Abducted Abducted
Direct Violent Exposure

Was displaced 2,450 1,546 904
(85.4%) (80.4%) (95.6%)

Lost income due to conflict 2,441 1,562 879
(85.1%) (81.3%) (92.9%)

House destroyed 2,412 1,505 907
(84.1%) (78.3%) (95.9%)

Lost productive assets 2,387 1,490 897
(83.2%) (77.5%) (94.8%)

Was beaten by the LRA 587 57 540
(20.8%) (3.0%) (57.1%)

Was maimed by the LRA 173 23 150
(6.0%) (1.2%) (15.9%)

Was sexually violated 61 22 39
(2.1%) (1.1%) (4.1%)

Problem with UPDF 645 369 276
(22.5%) (19.2%) (29.2%)

Forced by LRA to walk long distances 833 89 744
(29.0%) (4.6%) (78.6%)

Forced by LRA to carry loads 727 26 701
(25.30%) (1.4%) (74.1%)

Mean Cumulative General Exposure (S.D.)* 4.94 4.16 6.61
(2.00) (1.79) (1.28)

Exposure as Witness

Witnessed an attack by LRA 1,988 1,114 874
(69.3%) (58.0%) (92.4%)

Witnessed LRA/UPDF fight 1,259 653 606
(43.9%) (34.0%) (64.1%)

Witnessed an abduction 1,812 935 877
(63.2%) (48.6%) (92.7%)

Witnessed s.o. beaten by LRA 1,531 718 813
(53.4%) (37.4%) (85.9%)

Witnessed s.o. beaten by UPDF 1,187 662 525
(41.4%) (34.4%) (55.5%)

Witnessed s.o. killed by the LRA 931 406 525
(32.5%) (21.1%) (55.5%)

Witnessed HH member killed by LRA 709 307 402
(24.7%) (16.0%) (42.5%)

Witnessed s.o. sexually violated by LRA 249 84 165
(8.7%) (4.4%) (17.4%)

Witnessed s.o. sexually violated by other 243 111 132
(8.5%) (5.8%) (14.0%)

Mean Cumulative Witness Exposure (S.D.)* 3 2.47 5.19
(2.57) (2.43) (1.86)

Secondary Exposure

At least 1 family member killed 2,115 1,272 843
(73.7%) (66.2%) (89.1%)

Spouse/Partner killed 88 53 35
(3.1%) (2.8%) (3.7%)

Mother killed 141 73 68
(4.9%) (3.8%) (7.2%)

Father killed 304 159 145
(10.6%) (8.3%) (15.3%)

Brother killed 870 466 404
(30.3%) (24.2%) (42.7%)

Sister killed 257 132 125
(9.0%) (6.9%) (13.2%)

Son killed 226 132 94
(7.9%) (6.9%) (9.9%)

Daughter killed 72 41 31
(2.5%) (2.1%) (3.3%)

Grandmother killed 74 48 26
(2.6%) (2.5%) (2.7%)

Grandfather killed 117 83 34
(4.1%) (4.3%) (3.6%)

Family member was abducted 1,106 582 524
(38.6%) (30.3%) (55.6%)

Mean Cumulative Secondary Exposure (S.D.) 1.15 0.93 1.61
(1.10) (1.04) (1.10)

Forced Acts of Violence During Captivity by the LRA

Forced to loot NA NA 353
(37.2%)

Forced to beat or injure someone NA NA 167
(17.6%)

Forced to kill someone NA NA 76
(7.6%)

Mean Cumulative Forced Acts of Violence (S.D.) NA NA 0.62
(0.92)

*p-value < .001 for difference in mean cumulative exposure between abducted and non-abducted people