Fig. 3.

The effects of IL-1β alone and both stimulation of TGF-β1 and IL-1β on A459 cells. A549 cells treated without (upper column) or with 2 ng/mL IL-1β (middle column) or both stimulation of 2 ng/mL IL-1β and 5 ng/mL TGF-β1 (lower column) for 48 hr in serum-free medium. IL-1β-alone stimulation displayed milder cells elongation and weaker E-cadherin expression than in control, but distinct morphologic changes such as TGF-β1 stimulation were not observed. Stimulation of both IL-1β and TGF-β1 showed loss of E-cadherin, cytokeratin replacement by vimentin and stress fiber reorganization by F-actin. E-cadherin (B, G, F), cytokeratin (C, H,M), vimentin (D, I, M), F-actin (E, J, O).