Table 2.
Clinically Useful Bone Turnover Markers
| Osteoclast-Derived Resorption Markers | Measured In | Osteoblast-Derived Formation Markers | Measured In |
|---|---|---|---|
| CTX C-telopeptide crosslink (C-terminal crosslink degradation product of type 1 collagen) |
Serum or urine | BALP Bone-specific isoform of alkaline phosphatase (involved in mineralization, from Immature cells) |
Serum |
| NTX N-telopeptide crosslink (N-terminal crosslink degradation product of type 1 collagen) |
Serum or urine | PICP C-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen (from immature cells) |
Urine |
| PYD Pyridinoline (free crosslink degradation product of type 1 collagen) |
Urine | PINP N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen (from immature cells) |
Urine |
| DPD Deoxypyridinoline (free crosslink degradation product of type 1 collagen) |
Urine | OC Osteocalcin (most cell-specific protein, from mature osteoblasts) |
Serum |