Table 2.
Pharmacokinetic studies of orpiment, realgar and arsenolite/arsenic oxide
| Arsenicals | Bioavailability | System | Major Findings | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orpiment | Low | In vitro | Dissolution increase with pH increase | Lantz et al., 1995, Floroiu et al., 2004 |
| Low GI absorption | Hamster | 80% in feces; DMA in urine | Marafente and Vahter, 1987 | |
| Reaglar | 4% | Human | MMA, DMA in urine | Koch et al., 2007 |
| Low | Rat | Blood>lung, heart>spleen>liver, kidney | Wang et al., 2003 | |
| Nanoparticles | Cell and rat | Increased bioavailability | Wu and Ho 2006 | |
| Arsenic trioxide | High | Rabbit | As 3+ in blood, DMA in liver and lung | Lin et al., 2005 |
| Human | 60% of iv dose recovery in urine | Fujisawa et al., 2007 | ||
| Human | Oral equals to iv bioavailability | Kumana et al., 2002 |