Table 3.

Program indicators demonstrating the Freeth and colleagues¹⁹ model of educational outcomes for interprofessional education

EDUCATIONAL OUTCOME	DESCRIPTION	INDICATOR
Reaction	Presents students’ views of the learning experience and its interprofessional nature	Like or did not like
Modification of attitudes or perceptions	Changes in reciprocal attitudes or perceptions between participant groups	Team evaluation (ie, questionnaire based on the FIRO model)
	Changes in perception of or attitude toward the value or use of team approaches to caring for a specific client group	Small group discussion
Acquisition of knowledge and skills	Includes knowledge and skills linked to interprofessional collaboration	Preprogram and postprogram tests
Behavioural change	Identifies individuals’ transfer of interprofessional learning to their practice settings and changed professional practice	Use of various tools (eg, genogram, ecomap)
Change in organizational practice	Wider changes in the organization and delivery of care	Introduction of interprofessional guidelines
Benefits to patients or clients	Improvements in health or well-being of patients or clients	Health indicators (eg, mortality, morbidity, quality of life)
		Audit20

FIRO—fundamental interpersonal relation orientation.

Adapted from Freeth et al.¹⁹