Table 1.
Features in adults with and without hyperglycemia or severe hyperglycemia
| Hyperglycemia glucose in mmol/L (mg/dL) | Severe hyperglycemia glucose in mmol/L (mg/dL) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <7.8 (140) (n = 212) |
≥ 7.8 (140) (n = 470) |
P | <11.1 (200) (n = 511) |
≥ 11.1 (200) (n = 171) |
P | |
| Age | 44 (24–64) | 55 (37–68) | <0.001 | 48 (29–65) | 59 (45–70) | <0.0001 |
| Seizures | 2/206 (1%) | 29/447 (7%) | 0.001 | 20/493 (4%) | 11/160 (7%) | 0.2 |
| Distant infection focus * | 60/212 (28%) | 175/470 (37%) | 0.02 | 155/511 (30%) | 80/171 (47%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 6/210 (3%) | 40/466 (9%) | 0.005 | 14/506 (3%) | 32/170 (19%) | <0.001 |
| Immunocompromised | 26/211 (12%) | 83/470(18%) | 0.09 | 62/510 (12%) | 47/171 (28%) | <0.001 |
| GCS <14 | 127/211 (60%) | 342/469 (73%) | 0.001 | 327/510 (64%) | 142/170 (84%) | <0.001 |
| GCS <8 (coma) | 17/211 (8%) | 77/469(16%) | 0.004 | 58/510 (11%) | 36/170 (21%) | 0.002 |
| DBP < 60 mmHg | 32/201 (16%) | 29/457 (6%) | <0.001 | 58/490 (12%) | 3/168 (2%) | <0.001 |
| HR > 120 bpm | 27/212 (13%) | 48/470 (10%) | 0.3 | 53/511 (10%) | 22/171 (13%) | 0.4 |
| T >38.0 | 154/200 (77%) | 357/465(77%) | 1.0 | 380/496 (77%) | 131/169 (94%) | 0.8 |
| Focal neurologic deficits# | 67/212 (32%) | 161/470 (34%) | 0.5 | 162/511 (32%) | 66/171 (39%) | 0.1 |
| S. pneumoniae | 88/212 (42%) | 256/470 (55%) | 0.007 | 228/511 (45%) | 116/171 (68%) | <0.001 |
| CSF white cell count <1000 | 58/197 (29%) | 76/436 (17%) | 0.001 | 104/474 (22%) | 30/159 (19%) | 0.4 |
| Platelet cell count | 175 (121–237) | 189 (147–240) | 0.03 | 180 (139–236) | 198 (150–253) | 0.02 |
| Positive blood culture | 121/178(68%) | 276/424 (65%) | 0.5 | 295/447(66%) | 102/155 (66%) | 1.0 |
| Unfavorable outcome | 65/212 (31%) | 163/470 (35%) | 0.3 | 156/511 (31%) | 72/171 (42%) | 0.008 |
| Mortality | 38/212 (18%) | 102/470 (22%) | 0.3 | 96/513 (19%) | 44/169 (26%) | 0.05 |
Numbers are number/number assessed (percentage) or median (interquartile range) unless otherwise indicated. GCS denotes Glasgow Coma Scale, DPB diastolic blood pressure, HR hear rate, T bodily temperature (grade Celsius), CSF cerebrospinal fluid. * Defined as otitis/sinusitis or pneumonia. #Defined as cranial nerve palsies, aphasia, monoparesis or hemiparesis