Numerical solutions (Upper) of Eq. 2 by pltmg (25) and the ℋ1 error estimates (Lower) for the staggered lattice arrangement (c) with a = 0, h = 0.5, and ê aligned with the x axis. The ℋ1 norm, defined as ∥eh∥ℋ1 ≡ [∫Ωeh2dΩ + ∫Ω(∇eh)2dΩ]1/2 (25), estimates the sum of the magnitudes of the error itself and the gradient of the error. For visual clarity, only 1,000 vertices were shown.