Table 1.
Main effects | Interactions | |||||||
Parameter | Procedure | light | strain | sex | light × strain | light × sex | strain × sex | light × strain × sex |
Heart rate | ||||||||
Undisturbed (morning) | L < C | SD > SHR | F > M | SHR: L < C | F: L < C | |||
D < C | D < C | D < C | ||||||
D = L | D = L | D = L | ||||||
SD: L = D = C | M: L < C | |||||||
D = C | ||||||||
D = L | ||||||||
Undisturbed (afternoon) | L < C | SD > SHR | F > M | SHR: L < C | F: L < C | |||
D < C | D < C | D < C | ||||||
D = L | D = L | D < L | ||||||
SD: L < C | M: L < C | |||||||
D < C | D < C | |||||||
D = L | L < D | |||||||
Undisturbed (night) | H | SD > SHR | F > M | F: L < C | H | |||
D < C | ||||||||
L = D | ||||||||
M: L < C | ||||||||
D < C | ||||||||
L < D | ||||||||
Heart rate responses | ||||||||
Cage change | L = C | SD > SHR | SD: M > F | |||||
D = C | SHR: M = F | |||||||
D > L | ||||||||
Handling | H | H | H | |||||
Insert cagemate | L = C | SD > SHR | M > F | |||||
D < C | ||||||||
D > L | ||||||||
Remove cagemate | L = C | SD > SHR | F > M | F: L < C | ||||
D < C | D < C | |||||||
D = L | D = L | |||||||
M: L = D = C | ||||||||
SC injection | L < C | SD > SHR | SD: M > F | |||||
D = C | SHR: M = F | |||||||
D > L | ||||||||
Transport and SC injection | H | H | H | H | H | H | ||
Tail vein injection | ||||||||
IP injection | SD > SHR | |||||||
Odors of male urine and feces | H | SD > SHR | F > M | H | ||||
Odors of female urine and feces | L < C | SD > SHR | F > M | F: L < C | ||||
D = C | D < C | |||||||
D = L | D = L | |||||||
M: L = D = C | ||||||||
Odor of dried blood | SD > SHR | F > M | F: L < C | |||||
D = C | ||||||||
D = L | ||||||||
M: L = D = C | ||||||||
60 min restraint | L > C | SD > SHR | M > F | F: L = D = C | ||||
D = C | M: L > C | |||||||
D < L | D = C | |||||||
D < L |
C, control (12:12-h light:dark photoperiod with 200 lx illumination); D, dim (10 lx) light; F, female; H, a significant light x strain x sex interaction prevented an unambiguous conclusion about indicated main effects and interactions; L, long nights (8:16-h light:dark photoperiod); M, male
Blank cells indicate nonsignificant effects.