Table 4.
Comparison of demographic and clinical characteristics of overall patients.
| Overall patients | |||
| ScvO2 ≤ 65% | ScvO2 > 65% | P | |
| Number | 32 | 89 | 0.002 |
| Age (years) | 54.5 ± 18.3 | 42.2 ± 18.8* | 0.491 |
| Male sex, % (N) | 71.9% (23) | 79.8% (71) | 0.018 |
| ISS score | 36.1 ± 10.3 | 30.5 ± 11.5* | 0.016 |
| AIS score§ | 13 ± 11,5 | 10 ± 9* | 0.324 |
| Head/Neck | 3 ± 1 | 3 ± 1 | 0.674 |
| Face | 2 ± 1 | 2 ± 1 | 0.625 |
| Chest | 3 ± 1 | 2.5 ± 1 | 0.38 |
| Abdominal | 1 ± 1 | 1 ± 1 | < 0.001 |
| Extremity | 2 ± 1 | 1 ± 1* | 0.362 |
| External | 1 ± 1 | 1 ± 1 | 0.002 |
| SAPS II score | 51.1 ± 15.0 | 41.6 ± 14.5* | 0.001 |
| GCS score | 5.7 ± 2.7 | 7.8 ± 3.0* | 0.109 |
| Marshall Score§ | 2.5 ± 2 | 2 ± 2 | < 0.001 |
| ScvO2. % | 59% ± 5 | 74% ± 6* | 0.078 |
| Lactate (mmol/l) | 4.5 ± 2.4 | 3.7 ± 2.9 | 0.127 |
| HR (beats/min) | 113 ± 21 | 109 ± 27 | 0.211 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 78 ± 14 | 82 ± 13 | 0.344 |
| CVP (mmHg) | 11 ± 3 | 11 ± 2 | < 0.001 |
| ICU LOS (days) | 28.5 ± 15.2 | 16.6 ± 13.8* | 0.046 |
| Hospital LOS (days) | 45.1 ± 20.8 | 33.2 ± 24* | 0.034 |
| 28-days mortality, % (N) | 31.3% (10) | 13.5% (12)* | 0.017 |
| Total intra-ICU mortality, % (N) | 34.4% (11) | 13.5% (12)* | 0.010 |
| Total intra-hospital mortality, % (N) | 37.5% (12) | 14.6% (13)* | 0.002 |
Subgroups analysis was based on the ScvO2 values (≤ 65% vs > 65%) measured during the first 24 hours from trauma event. ScvO2 level was the worst value measured for at least 15 minutes during the first 24 hours after trauma. Lactate concentration was the worst value measured during the first 24 hours after trauma. ICU LOS and hospital LOS have been calculated on patients discharged alive from ICU and from hospital, respectively. Total intra-ICU mortality included one patient died in ICU after readmission.
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Percent data are referred to the total population of each group.
Statistical analysis: two-tails Student's t-test, two-sides Fisher's exact test. P-values were considered significant if less than 0.05 (*).
ISS: Injury Severity Score; AIS: Abbreviate Injury Scale; SAPS: Simplified Acute Physiology Score; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; ScvO2: central venous oxygen saturation; HR: heart rate; MAP: mean arterial pressure; CVP: central venous pressure.
§ Median ± interquartile range