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. 2009 May 14;2:15. doi: 10.1186/1757-1146-2-15

Table 1.

Classification of severity of hallux valgus deformities according to angular measurements in 301 radiographs

Angle Severity No. cases Percent
HVA Normal, < 15° 35 12
Mild, 15–20° 42 13
Moderate 21–39° 153 51
Severe, ≥ 40° 71 24
IMA Normal, < 9° 58 19
Mild, 9–11° 76 25
Moderate, 12–17° 135 45
Severe, ≥ 18° 32 11
PPAA Normal, < 6° 116 38
Mild, 6–10° 115 38
Moderate, 11–20° 63 21
Severe, ≥ 21° 7 2

HVA: Hallux valgus angle

IMA: Intermetatarsal angle

PPAA: Proximal phalangeal articular angle