Table 1.
Measurement of active shoulder function according to Mallet.
| Functional parameter | Class 1 | Class 2 | Class 3 | Class 4 | Class 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abduction | None | <30° | 30°–90° | >90° | Normal |
| External rotation | None | <0° | 0°–20° | >20° | Normal |
| Hand to neck | None | Not possible | Difficult | Easy | Normal |
| Hand to back | None | Not possible | S1 | Th12 | Normal |
| Hand to mouth | None | Marked trumpet sign* | Partial trumpet sign* | <40° abduction | Normal |
Normal function in every dimension is five points, absent function 1 point [10].
*Trumpet sign is abduction of the shoulder with simultaneous flexion of the elbow.