The effects of ORF11 suppression on pollen germination and seed setting. (A) Pollen was collected 2 h before anthesis and categorized into 3 groups: starch-digested, starch-engorged, and abnormal pollen (CWR, Left). (B) Ratio of starch-digested, starch-engorged, and abnormal pollen in CWR and CWA ORF11 RNAi transgenic lines and PPR2 RNAi transgenic lines. (C) Stigmas 6 h after anthesis stained with aniline blue. Arrowheads in RNAi ORF11-3 panel indicate the traces of pollen germinations. (D) Seed setting observed on RNAi ORF11-3.