Table 1.
Clinical and biochemical characteristics of the proband and her mother
| Proband | Reference ranges, mean (95% CI)* | Mother | Reference ranges, mean (95% CI)* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 11 | 41 | ||
| Sex | F | F | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27 | 37 | ||
| BMI SDS | 2.7 | 3.1 | ||
| Basal glucose (mg/dL) | 97.3 | 84.1 (83.2; 85.0) | 81.1 | 90.8 (86.7; 95.0) |
| 120 min glucose (mg/dL) | 158.6 | 102.1 (100.1; 104.2) | 137.0 | 103.6 (95.0; 112.3) |
| Basal insulin (pM) | 101 | 94 (85; 103) | 115 | 80 (70; 92) |
| 120 min insulin (pM) | 6237 | 460 (413; 508) | 1720 | 367 (283; 452) |
| 120 min/basal insulin ratio | 62 | 4.8 (4.7; 4.8)† | 15 | 4.7 (3.9; 5.4)† |
| HbA1C | 5.3% | |||
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 88.5 | 115 | <177 | |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 146.7 | 169.9 | <193 | |
| HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 61.8 | 46.3 | >38.6 |
To convert the values for glucose into millimoles per liter multiply by 0.0555. To convert the values for insulin to microinternational units per milliliter divide by 6.945. To convert the values for triglycerides to millimoles per liter multiply by 0.0113. To convert the values for cholesterol and HDL to millimoles per liter multiply by 0.0259.
*Age-, gender-, and BMI-matched control data for the proband were derived from oral glucose tolerance tests performed in 215 nondiabetic Caucasian girls (23) [mean and 95% CI for: age 11.46 years (11.13; 11.79); BMI, 29.1 kg/m2 (28.3; 29.9)]. Gender- and BMI-matched data for the mother were derived from 31 nondiabetic Caucasian adult women participating in the Isle of Ely study (24) (BMI range 35–40 kg/m2).
†In control subjects, peak insulin values usually occur at 30 or 60 min. Definitive peak insulin data were not available as plasma insulin was only measured at 30 and 120 min after the oral glucose load in the adolescent controls and at 30, 60, and 120 min in the adult controls; however, in these control samples, the mean ratios for 30 min and 120 min to basal insulin concentrations were 9 and 5, respectively, in the gender- and BMI-matched adolescents; and the mean ratios for 60 and 120 min to basal insulin concentrations were 7 and 5, respectively, in gender- and BMI-matched adults.