Fig. 1.

The evolution of carnivoran encephalization mapped onto the branching pattern of the phylogeny presented in Fig. S3. Schematic representations of the regression lines are included for each transformation in encephalization allometries. A tan polygon encloses the basal Carnivora allometry. Other polygons enclose derived allometries coded by color: Green indicates a lowering of the allometric slope, blue indicates an increase in slope (although intercepts vary), and red indicates an increase in intercept with constant slope. Arrows indicate the direction of change (increase/decrease) in relative brain size associated with (i) change in allometric slope in Amphicyonidae, Felidae, and “archaic” musteloids, and (ii) shifts in intercept among parallel allometries in Canidae, Uridsae, and “modern” musteloids. See Results for discussion.