Table 4.

Regression of Early Reading Skills on Aspects of Household Chaos and the HLE

	Expressive Vocabulary	Woodcock Reading Mastery	Phonological Awareness
Household chaos
Degree of household quiet	.03	.04	.03
Degree of household order	.20**	.13*	.15**
Home literacy environment
How often child read to	0.00	−.06	−.01
Child owns more than 30 books	.15**	.07	.06
How often child amuses self with books	.11**	.14**	.09**
Number of books child brings home	.10*	.08	.01
Child watches more than 15 hours of TV per week	.07	−.02	−0.00
Family uses library card more than once a year	.06	.03	−.02
How often mother reads to self	−.09*	−.11*	−.08*
Number of household magazine and newspaper subscriptions	.05	.05	−0.00
Maternal characteristics
Maternal reading ability	.21**	.10	.20**
Mother has less than a bachelor’s degree	−.04	−.02	−.03
Mother has more than a bachelor’s degree	−.02	−.02	.01
N	447	432	441

^*Note. p < .05.

^**p < .01. Table presents standardized regression coefficients.